| 日常生活中这种例子不胜枚举，我们来看一看下面一个来自本人研究生生活的例子：
Mr.Zhang is a postgraduate in a university, and Mr. Xiang is his supervisor who is usually strict with his eight students. Mr.Zhang, the introversive, shy man is the youngest one among his students. They met several times when Mr.Zhang was returning from the movie theatre after 10 p.m. Mr. Xiang knew exactly what he had done. At a small meeting held regularly, Mr.Xiang praised him instead of criticizing him directly: “Xiao Zhang is very diligent. He always gets up very early and gets back very late, studying in the classrooms in the teaching building. We should set him as an example.” Then one day, Mr.Xiang met him again on his way home from the theatre. He was talking about the film they just saw excitingly with his intimate friends at that very time Mr. Xiang was passing by. At another meeting, Mr. Xiang praised him again, pretending he didn’t hear about what they were talking about last night. Mr. Zhang’s face flushed to the bottom of his neck, and confessed shyly before his supervisor: “Don’t praise me any more. I know I am wrong. I will not watch too many films any longer from now on.” .The teacher said to him politely: “Really, don’t watch too many useless films, wasting a lot of time. It’s a good thing to find out and admit one’s own faults.”
本例中语境效果似乎并不强烈，但是多次语境效果累加起来，却产生了较好的说话者预期的语境效果。
4．结语。教师教育学生的最终目的是为了培养德、智、体全面发展的学生，最大限度地培养思想品德良好的人才，最大限度地把有用的知识传授给学生。人们从教育的方法上，包括师生课堂课外交流方式，交流艺术，即本文所说的教师谈话艺术风格方面进行了许多有宜地探索，取得了巨大的成就。但这主要从不同方式的教育的效果上总结的经验教训。语用学成一门独立的学科的时间还不算很长，大约开始于上个世纪六十年代，从八十年代以来主要由于把人们研究语言的兴趣从语言的本身扩大到语言使用上来，克服了传统的理论和对语言交际的解释之间脱节的现象而取得较大较快的发展，1988年由于《语用学概论》，《语用学概要》两本书的诞生才宣告了语用学在我国作为一门独立学科的正式成立。关联论作为语用学的一部分，虽然还很不完善，“自关联理论诞生以来，学者对它的怀疑是多方面的，关联理论的解释力也受到怀疑的轻视”[6]（赵彦春，2004：90），但毕竟对于交际和认知提出了很多新颖的见解，我们以之来分析和指导教师和成人学生的谈话方式，是对该理论在实际中的运用，说明为什么不同的方式产生不同的结果。这对于教师探索、掌握适合学生特点的交际方式，以及教育方式必定有很大的帮助，仍然不失为较新的方法。这种运用对我们掌握语用学以及在实践中丰富和发展语用理论必然有很大的裨益。
参考书目
[1] 项成东．关联理论与外语教学[J]．浙江：绍兴文理学院学报，2000，[3]：101-117．
[2] 何兆熊．新编语用学概要[M]．上海：上海外语教育出版社，2003：181，191，199-200，201．
[3] 胡壮鳞，姜望琪．语言学高级教程[M]．北京：北京大学出版社，2002：470．
[4] 侯国金．动态语境与语境洽商．外语教学[J]．2003，[1]：22-26．
[5] 齐乐，刘春艳．当代英美幽默精品（师生篇）[M]．天津：天津科技翻译出版公司，2000：34-35．
[6] 赵彦春. 语言学的哲学批判[M]. 重庆: 重庆出版社, 2004：90.
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