| 随着土层的增加微生物数量的变化呈现逐渐减少的规律性，而营养元素规律性不明显，这与贾新民等人的研究不一致，可能是因为微生物和营养元素的变化受地区和栽培植物的影响。
实验结果表明：苹果园根区土壤中速效P、水溶性Ca、水溶性Mg、有效Zn、有效Mn存在亏缺现象，其中，Zn元素亏缺和Ca/Zn比例失调现象尤其明显。研究表明，土壤微量元素比例失衡使土壤微生物数量和种群结构发生变化，病原微生物数量增加。土壤微生物对再植植株的影响起着重要的作用，土壤微生物是土壤中的活性物质，能够促进或直接参与土壤中一系列复杂的生理生化反应，所以微生物数量和种类的改变反过来影响营养元素的消耗和积累。微生物和营养元素的比例失衡将会影响再植植株生长，造成再植病的发生。由于植株长期生长在一个固定的地方，根系的空间分布影响着土壤微生物和营养元素的空间分布，根系集中分布的区域微生物数量和营养元素比例失调严重。
再植盆栽砧木幼苗生长发育较差，在距树干基部150～200cm区域内，微生物的数量较少、营养元素比较丰富，盆栽砧木苗生长发育表现也相对较好。而本区域正处于两行果树之间，果树根系也相对较少，因而在生产实践中，老果园新植幼树应尽可能选择果树行距中间区域，以利于减少再植病害的发生。Leinfelder.MM等人也表明，再植地点能明显的影响再植果树的生长，离根系越远再植植株生长表现比较好，行距中间定植果树，重茬障碍相对轻。有关渭北黄土高原苹果园再植障碍的机理及提出一套科学可行的解决方案有待进一步研究。
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