| Table4ComparisonoffruitcharactersbetweenKuijinandcontrol
|
品种Cultivar
|
果型Fruit shape
|
平均单质量Average fruit mass/g
|
最大单果质量
Biggest fruit mass/g
|
可溶性固形物含量
Soluble solids content/%
|
硬度
Hardness/Kg·cm
|
|
魁金Kuijin
|
近圆形
Approach globose
|
89.1
|
106.7
|
12～14
|
4.28
|
|
金太阳Jintaiyang
|
长卵圆形
Long oval
|
67.8
|
102.4
|
12.1
|
6.04
|
3栽培技术要点
3.1栽植
建园避开低洼地势，株行距1.5～2.0m×4.0m，南北行向，苗木不可栽植过深。魁金杏可自花结实，单一品种园片也可连年丰产，为提高品质建议配置授粉树，以花粉量较大的金太阳、凯特杏为宜。
3.2肥水管理
为提早结果，栽植前施足底肥，将有机肥混匀腐熟后填入坑内。此后每年秋施基肥，基肥以厩肥、堆肥、人粪尿为主，混施速效氮素化肥。盛果期的大树施厩肥50kg/株或鸡粪10～15kg/株。追肥以速效性无机肥为主，一般追肥2～3次，适时浇水。
3.3合理修剪
树形采用多主枝开心形。幼树期长势旺，枝条直立，修剪以短截为主，以促进分枝扩大树冠。注意开张主枝角度，选留和培养好的主侧枝，尽量多留辅养枝，以提前积累养分，提早结果。冬剪时，对主侧枝中央领导干进行短截，一般剪留50cm。夏季对新梢摘心刺激萌发2次枝，使树冠早成形。对新梢采用扭枝、拉枝的方式，促进幼树早结果。初果期杏仍保持较强的生长势，枝条生长量较大，该期修剪在保持好树形的基础上，不断扩大树冠，培养尽可能多的结果枝组，以冬剪和夏剪相结合为好。冬剪疏除背上直立竞争枝、密生枝、交叉枝，短截非骨干枝和交叉枝，保其分枝，培养为结果枝组，夏剪疏除背上过密枝和部分徒长枝。
参考文献
1 LIU Zhen-yan,LI Zhen-san.Shandong pomology[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Science and Technology Press,2000.
2 Chen Xuesen,,Gao Dongsheng, Li Xianli, Zhang Yanmin, and Zhang Lianzhon.‘Hongfeng'—A New Early ipening ricot Variety Obtained by Embryo Cuture.Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2001, 28(6):575.
3 Chen Xuesen,Gao Dongsheng, Li Xianli,Zhang Yanmin, and Zhang Lianzhon.‘Xinshiji'—A New Early Ripening Apricot Variety Obtained by Embryo Cultur. Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2001, 28(5):475.
4 Shi Yinpin.New Earliest Apricot Cultivars from Embryo Culture‘Tube Zaohong 1'and‘Tube Zaohe 1' . Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2002, 29 (4): 392~393.
5 Feng Mingcai,Wang Ming,Tang Xuedong,Tian Zhenduo.A New Early Rippenimg and Fresh Consuming Apricot Cultivar—Breeding Research of Tongfa Apricot. Journal of Jilin Agricultural University,1999,21(1):49~51.
6 Liu Jinyu, LiZhixin, ZhangLishu,FanWenliang,Miao Feng, and Sun Xiukun.An Early Ripening and Excellent New Apricot Variety— ‘Cangzaotian 2’ .Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2005, 32 (1): 175. 2/2 首页 上一页 1 2 |
